D>Elektro   |1.2.2|  |>Sounds + Elements
      |> History/ies + Sounds
of modern electronic / experimental music in Germany |<
 
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|1.2.2| Sounds + Elements

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Electronic, multi-media entertainment, that unites [and needs] Man and Machine in a creative partnership - while generating a mass-appeal.
With this concept, that Kraftwerk and other german Elektro-nists realized in their very own ways, they surely didn't became the 'Gravediggers of Music', as a number of backward-minded critics labeled them.
Quite on the contrary: it were these musicians, who initialized the whole bandwith of electronic music and events, as they present themselves to us these days.
|> HOUSE-MUSIC

With their ideas and their work on technologies and instruments, that allowed the production of sounds and music with a minimum of efforts, Kraftwerk also became pioneers of the - literally spoken - House[Home]-Music.

"This technology will help to set free the creativity of many people and encourage them to apply such technologies at home for generating every kind of sound they wish."
Ralf Huetter [Kraftwerk]
Kraftwerk, who also made use of their pocket instruments when playing live, inspired countless musicians to undertake their first own musical steps into the electronic direction.
After all: everyone should be able to operate a pocket calculator ...
"In the early 70's the majority of the, let's say creative groups, were virtuosos like King Crimson and Yes whose music was very sophisticated.
When I bought 'Autobahn' I had the feeling that this was changing. For the first time there was music that was possible to touch - not being made up with the usual components of rock. I had the feeling that it was all done by only one person. This helped me to think, 'Why can't I make music on my own?'"
Patrick Codenys [Front 242]
||> International Influences | In + Output | Beats + Bytes [Kraftwerk]
"Die Mensch Maschine / The Man Machine was one of the best - if not THE best electronic album of the 70's. Together with CAN Kraftwerk created a new form of dance-music.
They have changed the scene forever."
Alex Patterson [The Orb]
Kraftwerk To list Kraftwerks entire influence(s) on modern music would take a whole book of it's own.
The 'most influential group since the Beatles', the 'Beach Boys from Düsseldorf' - these are just two of the many labels, with which their influence has been described over the years.

One of the most important, stylistic influences they surely had was on the whole section of Synth- & Techno Pop.
Without their groundbreaking records 'Trans Europa Express' and 'Die Mensch Maschine / The Man Machine', bands like Depeche Mode, Ultravox, OMD, Cabaret Voltaire a.m.o would never have had the instruments and rhythms laid down in front of them, on which they later built their own music and their own success.

Of all those Elektro-Pioneers from Germany, no other band had devoted their fascination for electronic sounds so consequently to the pop-potential of this music.
'Trans-Europa-Express', 'Die Roboter / The Robots' a.o. songs were world-wide dancefloor hits and at the same time prototypes of industrial-music.

Quite surprisingly it was Kraftwerk, who like no other German group kept a keen eye on preserving the singularity and 'pureness' of their sound, who revolutionzed a whole muscial culture, that couldn't have been more distant from their own: the black music.
"Most amazing of all, it's undoubtedly true that without this whitest of white groups, the history of black music in America would have been completely different."
Andy Gill - MOJO magazine - 4/97

It began, when black musicians started to discover the dancefloor-qualities of Kraftwerks machine-rhythms for themselves:

"I discovered Kraftwerk when I became a DJ, because it was possible to dance to it. Afrika Bambaataa loved that too: it was the quest for the perfect beat."
Arthur Baker - Produzent
And as the German musicians did, so began the black DJ's to collage, assemble... - or as they called it: to scratch and break those famous beats - thus producing these Breaks & Breakbeats. And so, out of two former Kraftwerk-hits, one new world-wide dancefloor success was created.
"When Afrika Bambaata took Kraftwerk's Trans-Europa-Express and 'Nummern' and combined them to form 'Planet Rock', he set in train a movement which, as the rappers say, just don't stop: not only was this effectively the birth of hip hop culture, but in Detroit young black kids like Derrick May, Juan Atkins, Kevin Saunderson and Carl Craig fed on Kraftwerk's hypnotic rhythms and developed what later became known as Techno."
Andy Gill - MOJO Magazine - 4/97
The connections that lead from early Hip-Hop and breakbeat sound to modern techno are clearly audible - just like their origins in the Kraftwerk-sounds and rhythms - or, as Andy Gill wrote:

"Scratch a Techno whizkid or studio engineer, and 9 times out of 10 you'll find a Kraftwerk fan - the tenth will be too busy sampling them to respond."
MOJO Magazine - 4/97

||> In + Output | Soundspaces | [Giving the Im]-Pulse

"The originality of my music lies in it's technical production - through that it is much more a product of our time, as other form of music.
Today we live between nuclear power plants and transistors - and exactly this characteristic of my music is very important for me. It is a suitable, contemporary expression of the time we live in."
Klaus Schulze

Without a doubt: electronic music is the music of our time. Techno, Ambient, Trance, electro-music etc...
None of these styles would sound today as it does, without the pioneering work of these German electro-musicians. Besides Kraftwerk it is also Tangerine Dream and Klaus Schulze, whose rhythms and soundscapes until today - and surely for quite some time to come - are fundamentally influencing the whole range of electronic music.

In the meatime the technology has become accessible for many more musicians - thus a proliferation of releases takes place and the styles and sounds keep on developing, morphing and interbreeding.
With the - very roughly sketched - sections Techno and Ambient the two main fields of electronic music had crystallized. Since then a multitude of diverse mix-forms- and styles - with one of the most recent, simply labeled 'Elektro', combining the basic techno-beats with the more soundscape-oriented ambient-sounds plus a little pinch of Musique Concrete.

Tracing back those sounds, one will, especially in the ambient / trance areas always end up again at the most significant records of Schulze or Tangerine Dream and Cluster - in terms of the more Musique Concrete oriented at Conrad Schnitzler's recordings.
But the importance - and currently happening re-discovery of those pioneering works hasnt' only to do that one finds here the sources and key-figures of these various soundscapes. Sometimes it also seems / sounds like a circle is coming complete again, after a long period of fractioning, there's an obvious movement of bringing these key-elements and sound-scapes/concepts back together again - in a current format, of course.
Klaus Schulze Klaus Schulze is without a doubt one of the great experimentalist's and 'synthesist's'.
Already in his earliest releases one can hear the basic elements of techno-oriented rhythms as well as soundscape-oriented ambient-forms - and very often these are combined in the same tracks, as e.g. in the piece 'Frank Herbert' from 1978.
If one hears the 1973 produced track Mental Door, you involuntarily ask yourself, just how Schulze did it with his - compared to today's standards - stone-aged equipment, to sound like some of the most popular 'electro' groups of today.

Schulze - like no other of these electronic musicians, also keeps on working on the borderline of electronic and classical music. These experiments can be followed throughout the whole body of his work. Already on his debut-album Irrlicht he strived, while still an absolute electronics-beginner who struggled with the transistors inside his mini-organ, for the synthesis of artificial / electronic and symphonic sounds.

Voices of Syn from 1974, contains a 'Verdi Collage', performed by trained opera-singer - and Schulze let this performance turn smoothly into a pulsating prototype of a techno-beat. On his "X" album an entire orchestra is perfectly integrated into his Synth-scapes. These were surely the very first electro-classical symphonies.
These many-sided synthesis', that in the meantime also contain elements of 'World Music', are carried on by Schulze up to these days. His unwavering lust to experiment is quite a singular phenomenon - not only in the fiel of electronic music.

"Long before Brian Eno dubbed the approach 'ambient', Edgar Froese [Tangerine Dream] was creating beautiful ethereal soundscapes and before pop invented 'techno', he was boogying with his Moog Synthesizer."
N'csle Journal; USA
Tangerine Dream - 1976 Of equal importance is the work of Tangerine Dream - as synthesis- and experimental-minded as Schulze - but internationally, especially through their soundtrack work, with a much greater commercial success.
TD's aetheric soundscapes on records like Rubycon and Phaedra have left a deeply influential mark in the whole ambient / trance genre to unfold ever since their original releases in the early 70's.

But TD's sound-explorations went way beyond those more well-known sides of their soundscapes. In contrast to many ambient musicians to follow them, they never hesitated, especially in the first decade of their existence, to integrate 'noise' and 'industrial' elements into their music - especially in their concerts during the 70's. [Sadly, a lot of TD's most breathtaking material from that period hasn't been heard by the wider public - the probable main problem: there is simply too much of good material...]

Ricochet e.g. combines on one side of a [relatively] short record, a lyrical, flowing solo-piano piece and electro-acoustic sound, driving sequencer-beats and the industrial hammering of synthetic sound-factories. And to top it: all these complex collages had been played and recorded live.
In it's more than 30 years of existence, TD has explored almost every playing- and compositional possibility that there is in electronic music. Their spectrum contains from sparse electronic soundscapes, pulsating trance-trips up to almost abstract sound-collages the whole variety of electronic music.
And especially during their concerts, in which, for a long time they'd played and composed on an absolute free improvisational basis, they were creating the most fascinating synthesis' of these sounds and elements. It was truly sound-science, with often quite an ecstatic edge.
The special magic of these sound-explorations is difficult to be put into words. Even in their most experimental sound-forms, it remains highly imaginative and able to evoke whole new worlds of inner images. And this surely is one of the main reasons why TD still belong to the most requested soundtrack-producers in Hollywood.
What Klaus Schulze and Tangerine Dream have in common is, that they, like Kraftwerk in their very own area, quite literally set the im-pulses in the way of producing and handling electronic sounds.
The driving beats coming out of TD's and Schulzes sequencer's are the audible proof against the prejudice of the putative coldness of electronic music.
Their music stands also - or especially because of that - the 'test of time', that they've always devoted their new instruments and possibilities to the experimental potential of their music, to the search for new, ORIGINAL sounds - and never for copying existing sounds and forms.
They've continued to explore and play with the communicative and the poetic potential of their machines.
Today it slowly begins to dawn on many, just how early they set their foot into NEWland's of sound. Today, when these soundscapes in the current electro-music-fever are getting re-discovered and their innovations and style-synthesis' are taken up and continued again by whole new generations of electro-musicians.
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